Spoofing and Anti-Spoofing Technologies of Global Navigation Satellite System: A Survey
Survey
Wu, Zhi-jun et al. “Spoofing and Anti-Spoofing Technologies of Global Navigation Satellite System: A Survey.” IEEE Access 8 (2020): 165444-165496.
Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have security risks and still vulnerable to spoofing and jamming attacks. This survey reviews the recent research on anti-spoofing technologies of GNSS civilian signals. The authors reviewed existing literature from two aspects: strategies of spoofing attacks and protection effect and scheme implementation complexity of various anti-spoofing techniques from signal-level and data-level perspectives.
Global satellite navigation systems provide real-time location information and accurate time and speed information for various systems and applications, including electric, finance, transportation, and communication systems. Once the security of the global satellite navigation system is compromised, the spoofed satellite data would mislead the users (receivers) to generate incorrect positioning or timing information.
For the security of civil satellite navigation technology, information authentication technology has been introduced in existing navigation systems to guarantees the integrity of the information on the receiver side of these systems.
This article surveyed the state-of-the-art on spoofing and anti-spoofing technologies of GNSS. It presents research status of spoofing attack classification, spoofing strategy, and spoofing attack performance, as well as advanced spoofing techniques. Detailed analysis of the resistance effect of anti-spoofing methods at signal processing level and information level respectively were presented. The comprehensive consideration and appropriate combination of the anti-spoofing techniques summarized in this paper provides a good reference for receiver designers to produce more secure receivers. The paper was concluded with some challenges and future research on GNSS anti-spoofing technologies.